PandemieGrippaleV1, 2020, Analysis, bibRecord, 000191

Genetic evolution of influenza viruses among selected countries in Latin America, 2017–2018

Identifieur interne : 000191 ( 2020/Analysis ); précédent : 000190; suivant : 000192

Genetic evolution of influenza viruses among selected countries in Latin America, 2017–2018

Auteurs : Juliana Almeida Leite [États-Unis] ; Paola Resende [Brésil] ; Jenny Lara Araya [Costa Rica] ; Gisela Badillo Barrera [Mexique] ; Elsa Baumeister [Argentine] ; Alfredo Bruno Caicedo [Équateur] ; Leticia Coppola [Uruguay] ; Wyller Alencar De Mello [Brésil] ; Domenica De Mora [Équateur] ; Mirleide Cordeiro Dos Santos [Brésil] ; Rodrigo Fasce [Chili] ; Jorge Fernández [Chili] ; Natalia Go I [Uruguay] ; Irma L Pez Martínez [Mexique] ; Jannet Otárola Mayhua [Pérou] ; Fernando Motta [Brésil] ; Maribel Carmen Huaringa Nu Ez [Pérou] ; Jenny Ojeda [Équateur] ; María José Ortega [Paraguay] ; Erika Ospitia [Colombie] ; Terezinha Maria De Paiva [Brésil] ; Andrea Pontoriero [Argentine] ; Hebleen Brenes Porras [Costa Rica] ; Jose Alberto Diaz Quinonez [Mexique] ; Viviana Ramas [Uruguay] ; Juliana Barbosa Ramírez [Colombie] ; Katia Correa De Oliveira Santos [Brésil] ; Marilda Mendonça Siqueira [Brésil] ; Cynthia Vàzquez [Paraguay] ; Rakhee Palekar [États-Unis]

Source :

PLoS ONE [ 1932-6203 ] ; 2020.

RBID : PMC:7064222

Descripteurs français

KwdFr :
- Amérique latine (épidémiologie), Données de la recherche comme sujet, Glycoprotéine hémagglutinine du virus influenza (génétique), Glycoprotéine hémagglutinine du virus influenza (immunologie), Grippe humaine (), Grippe humaine (microbiologie), Grippe humaine (épidémiologie), Humains, Orthomyxoviridae (génétique), Orthomyxoviridae (immunologie), Orthomyxoviridae (isolement et purification), Pandémies (), Phylogénie, Vaccins antigrippaux (administration et posologie), Vaccins antigrippaux (immunologie), Évolution moléculaire.
MESH :
- administration et posologie : Vaccins antigrippaux.
- génétique : Glycoprotéine hémagglutinine du virus influenza, Orthomyxoviridae.
- immunologie : Glycoprotéine hémagglutinine du virus influenza, Orthomyxoviridae, Vaccins antigrippaux.
- isolement et purification : Orthomyxoviridae.
- microbiologie : Grippe humaine.
- épidémiologie : Amérique latine, Grippe humaine.
- Données de la recherche comme sujet, Grippe humaine, Humains, Pandémies, Phylogénie, Évolution moléculaire.

English descriptors

KwdEn :
- Datasets as Topic, Evolution, Molecular, Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus (genetics), Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus (immunology), Humans, Influenza Vaccines (administration & dosage), Influenza Vaccines (immunology), Influenza, Human (epidemiology), Influenza, Human (microbiology), Influenza, Human (prevention & control), Latin America (epidemiology), Orthomyxoviridae (genetics), Orthomyxoviridae (immunology), Orthomyxoviridae (isolation & purification), Pandemics (prevention & control), Phylogeny.
MESH :
- chemical , administration & dosage : Influenza Vaccines.
- chemical , genetics : Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus.
- chemical , immunology : Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus, Influenza Vaccines.
- geographic , epidemiology : Latin America.
- epidemiology : Influenza, Human.
- genetics : Orthomyxoviridae.
- immunology : Orthomyxoviridae.
- isolation & purification : Orthomyxoviridae.
- microbiology : Influenza, Human.
- prevention & control : Influenza, Human, Pandemics.
- Datasets as Topic, Evolution, Molecular, Humans, Phylogeny.

Abstract

Objective

Since the 2009 influenza pandemic, Latin American (LA) countries have strengthened their influenza surveillance systems. We analyzed influenza genetic sequence data from the 2017 through 2018 Southern Hemisphere (SH) influenza season from selected LA countries, to map the availability of influenza genetic sequence data from, and to describe, the 2017 through 2018 SH influenza seasons in LA.

Methods

We analyzed influenza A/H1pdm09, A/H3, B/Victoria and B/Yamagata hemagglutinin sequences from clinical samples from 12 National Influenza Centers (NICs) in ten countries (Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay) with a collection date from epidemiologic week (EW) 18, 2017 through EW 43, 2018. These sequences were generated by the NIC or the WHO Collaborating Center (CC) at the U.S Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, uploaded to the Global Initiative on Sharing All Influenza Data (GISAID) platform, and used for phylogenetic reconstruction.

Findings

Influenza hemagglutinin sequences from the participating countries (A/H1pdm09 n = 326, A/H3 n = 636, B n = 433) were highly concordant with the genetic groups of the influenza vaccine-recommended viruses for influenza A/H1pdm09 and influenza B. For influenza A/H3, the concordance was variable.

Conclusions

Considering the constant evolution of influenza viruses, high-quality surveillance data—specifically genetic sequence data, are important to allow public health decision makers to make informed decisions about prevention and control strategies, such as influenza vaccine composition. Countries that conduct influenza genetic sequencing for surveillance in LA should continue to work with the WHO CCs to produce high-quality genetic sequence data and upload those sequences to open-access databases.

Url:

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7064222

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0227962
PubMed: 32155152
PubMed Central: 7064222

Affiliations:

Links to Exploration step

PMC:7064222

Le document en format XML

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<author><name sortKey="Leite, Juliana Almeida" sort="Leite, Juliana Almeida" uniqKey="Leite J" first="Juliana Almeida" last="Leite">Juliana Almeida Leite</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Pan American Health Organization (PAHO/WHO), Washington, DC, United States of America</addr-line>
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<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
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<author><name sortKey="Resende, Paola" sort="Resende, Paola" uniqKey="Resende P" first="Paola" last="Resende">Paola Resende</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff002"><addr-line>Laboratorio de Virus Respiratorio, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Laboratorio de Virus Respiratorio, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro</wicri:regionArea>
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<author><name sortKey="Araya, Jenny Lara" sort="Araya, Jenny Lara" uniqKey="Araya J" first="Jenny Lara" last="Araya">Jenny Lara Araya</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff003"><addr-line>Instituto Costarricense de Investigación y Enseñanza en Nutrición y Salud (INCIENSA), Tres Ríos, Cartago, Costa Rica</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Costa Rica</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Instituto Costarricense de Investigación y Enseñanza en Nutrición y Salud (INCIENSA), Tres Ríos, Cartago</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Cartago</wicri:noRegion>
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<author><name sortKey="Barrera, Gisela Badillo" sort="Barrera, Gisela Badillo" uniqKey="Barrera G" first="Gisela Badillo" last="Barrera">Gisela Badillo Barrera</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff004"><addr-line>Instituto de Diagnóstico y Referencia Epidemiológicos (InDRE), Ciudad de México, Mexico, Mexico</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Mexique</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Instituto de Diagnóstico y Referencia Epidemiológicos (InDRE), Ciudad de México, Mexico</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Mexico</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Baumeister, Elsa" sort="Baumeister, Elsa" uniqKey="Baumeister E" first="Elsa" last="Baumeister">Elsa Baumeister</name>
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</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Argentine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas—Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud (INEI-ANLIS) "Dr. Carlos G. Malbran", Buenos Aires</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Buenos Aires</wicri:noRegion>
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<author><name sortKey="Caicedo, Alfredo Bruno" sort="Caicedo, Alfredo Bruno" uniqKey="Caicedo A" first="Alfredo Bruno" last="Caicedo">Alfredo Bruno Caicedo</name>
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</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Équateur</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Instituto Nacional de Investigación en Salud Pública (INSPI), Guayaquil, Guayas</wicri:regionArea>
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</author>
<author><name sortKey="Coppola, Leticia" sort="Coppola, Leticia" uniqKey="Coppola L" first="Leticia" last="Coppola">Leticia Coppola</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff007"><addr-line>Departamento de Laboratorio de Salud Publica (DLSP), Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Uruguay</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Departamento de Laboratorio de Salud Publica (DLSP), Montevideo, Montevideo</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Montevideo</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="De Mello, Wyller Alencar" sort="De Mello, Wyller Alencar" uniqKey="De Mello W" first="Wyller Alencar" last="De Mello">Wyller Alencar De Mello</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff008"><addr-line>Instituto Evandro Chagas (IEC), Ananindeua, Para, Brazil</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Instituto Evandro Chagas (IEC), Ananindeua, Para</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Para</wicri:noRegion>
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</author>
<author><name sortKey="De Mora, Domenica" sort="De Mora, Domenica" uniqKey="De Mora D" first="Domenica" last="De Mora">Domenica De Mora</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff006"><addr-line>Instituto Nacional de Investigación en Salud Pública (INSPI), Guayaquil, Guayas, Ecuador</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Équateur</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Instituto Nacional de Investigación en Salud Pública (INSPI), Guayaquil, Guayas</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Guayas</wicri:noRegion>
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</author>
<author><name sortKey="Cordeiro Dos Santos, Mirleide" sort="Cordeiro Dos Santos, Mirleide" uniqKey="Cordeiro Dos Santos M" first="Mirleide" last="Cordeiro Dos Santos">Mirleide Cordeiro Dos Santos</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff008"><addr-line>Instituto Evandro Chagas (IEC), Ananindeua, Para, Brazil</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Instituto Evandro Chagas (IEC), Ananindeua, Para</wicri:regionArea>
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<author><name sortKey="Fasce, Rodrigo" sort="Fasce, Rodrigo" uniqKey="Fasce R" first="Rodrigo" last="Fasce">Rodrigo Fasce</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff009"><addr-line>Instituto de Salud Pública de Chile (ISPCH), Santiago, Santiago, Chile</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Chili</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Instituto de Salud Pública de Chile (ISPCH), Santiago, Santiago</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Santiago</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Fernandez, Jorge" sort="Fernandez, Jorge" uniqKey="Fernandez J" first="Jorge" last="Fernández">Jorge Fernández</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff009"><addr-line>Instituto de Salud Pública de Chile (ISPCH), Santiago, Santiago, Chile</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Chili</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Instituto de Salud Pública de Chile (ISPCH), Santiago, Santiago</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Santiago</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Go I, Natalia" sort="Go I, Natalia" uniqKey="Go I N" first="Natalia" last="Go I">Natalia Go I</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff007"><addr-line>Departamento de Laboratorio de Salud Publica (DLSP), Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Uruguay</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Departamento de Laboratorio de Salud Publica (DLSP), Montevideo, Montevideo</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Montevideo</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Martinez, Irma L Pez" sort="Martinez, Irma L Pez" uniqKey="Martinez I" first="Irma L Pez" last="Martínez">Irma L Pez Martínez</name>
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</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Mexique</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Instituto de Diagnóstico y Referencia Epidemiológicos (InDRE), Ciudad de México, Mexico</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Mexico</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mayhua, Jannet Otarola" sort="Mayhua, Jannet Otarola" uniqKey="Mayhua J" first="Jannet Otárola" last="Mayhua">Jannet Otárola Mayhua</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff010"><addr-line>Instituto Nacional de Salud (INS), Chorrillos, Lima, Peru</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pérou</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Instituto Nacional de Salud (INS), Chorrillos, Lima</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Lima</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Motta, Fernando" sort="Motta, Fernando" uniqKey="Motta F" first="Fernando" last="Motta">Fernando Motta</name>
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</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Laboratorio de Virus Respiratorio, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro</wicri:regionArea>
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<region type="state">État de Rio de Janeiro</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Nu Ez, Maribel Carmen Huaringa" sort="Nu Ez, Maribel Carmen Huaringa" uniqKey="Nu Ez M" first="Maribel Carmen Huaringa" last="Nu Ez">Maribel Carmen Huaringa Nu Ez</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff010"><addr-line>Instituto Nacional de Salud (INS), Chorrillos, Lima, Peru</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pérou</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Instituto Nacional de Salud (INS), Chorrillos, Lima</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Lima</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ojeda, Jenny" sort="Ojeda, Jenny" uniqKey="Ojeda J" first="Jenny" last="Ojeda">Jenny Ojeda</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff011"><addr-line>Ministerio de Salud Pública, Quito, Pichincha, Ecuador</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Équateur</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Ministerio de Salud Pública, Quito, Pichincha</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Pichincha</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ortega, Maria Jose" sort="Ortega, Maria Jose" uniqKey="Ortega M" first="María José" last="Ortega">María José Ortega</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff012"><addr-line>Laboratorio Central de Salud Pública (LCSP), Ascuncion, Distrito Capital, Paraguay</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Paraguay</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Laboratorio Central de Salud Pública (LCSP), Ascuncion, Distrito Capital</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Distrito Capital</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ospitia, Erika" sort="Ospitia, Erika" uniqKey="Ospitia E" first="Erika" last="Ospitia">Erika Ospitia</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff013"><addr-line>Instituto Nacional de Salud (INS), Bogota, Cundinamarca, Colombia</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Colombie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Instituto Nacional de Salud (INS), Bogota, Cundinamarca</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Cundinamarca</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="De Paiva, Terezinha Maria" sort="De Paiva, Terezinha Maria" uniqKey="De Paiva T" first="Terezinha Maria" last="De Paiva">Terezinha Maria De Paiva</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff014"><addr-line>Instituto Adolfo Lutz (IAL), Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Instituto Adolfo Lutz (IAL), Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">São Paulo</settlement>
<region type="state">État de São Paulo</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Pontoriero, Andrea" sort="Pontoriero, Andrea" uniqKey="Pontoriero A" first="Andrea" last="Pontoriero">Andrea Pontoriero</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff005"><addr-line>Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas—Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud (INEI-ANLIS) "Dr. Carlos G. Malbran", Buenos Aires, Argentina</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Argentine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas—Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud (INEI-ANLIS) "Dr. Carlos G. Malbran", Buenos Aires</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Buenos Aires</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Porras, Hebleen Brenes" sort="Porras, Hebleen Brenes" uniqKey="Porras H" first="Hebleen Brenes" last="Porras">Hebleen Brenes Porras</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff003"><addr-line>Instituto Costarricense de Investigación y Enseñanza en Nutrición y Salud (INCIENSA), Tres Ríos, Cartago, Costa Rica</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Costa Rica</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Instituto Costarricense de Investigación y Enseñanza en Nutrición y Salud (INCIENSA), Tres Ríos, Cartago</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Cartago</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Quinonez, Jose Alberto Diaz" sort="Quinonez, Jose Alberto Diaz" uniqKey="Quinonez J" first="Jose Alberto Diaz" last="Quinonez">Jose Alberto Diaz Quinonez</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff004"><addr-line>Instituto de Diagnóstico y Referencia Epidemiológicos (InDRE), Ciudad de México, Mexico, Mexico</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Mexique</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Instituto de Diagnóstico y Referencia Epidemiológicos (InDRE), Ciudad de México, Mexico</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Mexico</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff015"><addr-line> Division of Postgraduate Studies, Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Mexique</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Division of Postgraduate Studies, Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Mexico City</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ramas, Viviana" sort="Ramas, Viviana" uniqKey="Ramas V" first="Viviana" last="Ramas">Viviana Ramas</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff007"><addr-line>Departamento de Laboratorio de Salud Publica (DLSP), Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Uruguay</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Departamento de Laboratorio de Salud Publica (DLSP), Montevideo, Montevideo</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Montevideo</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ramirez, Juliana Barbosa" sort="Ramirez, Juliana Barbosa" uniqKey="Ramirez J" first="Juliana Barbosa" last="Ramírez">Juliana Barbosa Ramírez</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff013"><addr-line>Instituto Nacional de Salud (INS), Bogota, Cundinamarca, Colombia</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Colombie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Instituto Nacional de Salud (INS), Bogota, Cundinamarca</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Cundinamarca</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Santos, Katia Correa De Oliveira" sort="Santos, Katia Correa De Oliveira" uniqKey="Santos K" first="Katia Correa De Oliveira" last="Santos">Katia Correa De Oliveira Santos</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff014"><addr-line>Instituto Adolfo Lutz (IAL), Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Instituto Adolfo Lutz (IAL), Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">São Paulo</settlement>
<region type="state">État de São Paulo</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Siqueira, Marilda Mendonca" sort="Siqueira, Marilda Mendonca" uniqKey="Siqueira M" first="Marilda Mendonça" last="Siqueira">Marilda Mendonça Siqueira</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff002"><addr-line>Laboratorio de Virus Respiratorio, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Laboratorio de Virus Respiratorio, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Rio de Janeiro</settlement>
<region type="state">État de Rio de Janeiro</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Vazquez, Cynthia" sort="Vazquez, Cynthia" uniqKey="Vazquez C" first="Cynthia" last="Vàzquez">Cynthia Vàzquez</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff012"><addr-line>Laboratorio Central de Salud Pública (LCSP), Ascuncion, Distrito Capital, Paraguay</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Paraguay</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Laboratorio Central de Salud Pública (LCSP), Ascuncion, Distrito Capital</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Distrito Capital</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Palekar, Rakhee" sort="Palekar, Rakhee" uniqKey="Palekar R" first="Rakhee" last="Palekar">Rakhee Palekar</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Pan American Health Organization (PAHO/WHO), Washington, DC, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Pan American Health Organization (PAHO/WHO), Washington, DC</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">District de Columbia</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
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<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Genetic evolution of influenza viruses among selected countries in Latin America, 2017–2018</title>
<author><name sortKey="Leite, Juliana Almeida" sort="Leite, Juliana Almeida" uniqKey="Leite J" first="Juliana Almeida" last="Leite">Juliana Almeida Leite</name>
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</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
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</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Resende, Paola" sort="Resende, Paola" uniqKey="Resende P" first="Paola" last="Resende">Paola Resende</name>
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</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country>
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</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Araya, Jenny Lara" sort="Araya, Jenny Lara" uniqKey="Araya J" first="Jenny Lara" last="Araya">Jenny Lara Araya</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff003"><addr-line>Instituto Costarricense de Investigación y Enseñanza en Nutrición y Salud (INCIENSA), Tres Ríos, Cartago, Costa Rica</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Costa Rica</country>
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</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Barrera, Gisela Badillo" sort="Barrera, Gisela Badillo" uniqKey="Barrera G" first="Gisela Badillo" last="Barrera">Gisela Badillo Barrera</name>
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</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Mexique</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Instituto de Diagnóstico y Referencia Epidemiológicos (InDRE), Ciudad de México, Mexico</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Mexico</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Baumeister, Elsa" sort="Baumeister, Elsa" uniqKey="Baumeister E" first="Elsa" last="Baumeister">Elsa Baumeister</name>
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</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Argentine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas—Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud (INEI-ANLIS) "Dr. Carlos G. Malbran", Buenos Aires</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Buenos Aires</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Caicedo, Alfredo Bruno" sort="Caicedo, Alfredo Bruno" uniqKey="Caicedo A" first="Alfredo Bruno" last="Caicedo">Alfredo Bruno Caicedo</name>
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</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Équateur</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Instituto Nacional de Investigación en Salud Pública (INSPI), Guayaquil, Guayas</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Guayas</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Coppola, Leticia" sort="Coppola, Leticia" uniqKey="Coppola L" first="Leticia" last="Coppola">Leticia Coppola</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff007"><addr-line>Departamento de Laboratorio de Salud Publica (DLSP), Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Uruguay</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Departamento de Laboratorio de Salud Publica (DLSP), Montevideo, Montevideo</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Montevideo</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="De Mello, Wyller Alencar" sort="De Mello, Wyller Alencar" uniqKey="De Mello W" first="Wyller Alencar" last="De Mello">Wyller Alencar De Mello</name>
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</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Instituto Evandro Chagas (IEC), Ananindeua, Para</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Para</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="De Mora, Domenica" sort="De Mora, Domenica" uniqKey="De Mora D" first="Domenica" last="De Mora">Domenica De Mora</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff006"><addr-line>Instituto Nacional de Investigación en Salud Pública (INSPI), Guayaquil, Guayas, Ecuador</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Équateur</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Instituto Nacional de Investigación en Salud Pública (INSPI), Guayaquil, Guayas</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Guayas</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Cordeiro Dos Santos, Mirleide" sort="Cordeiro Dos Santos, Mirleide" uniqKey="Cordeiro Dos Santos M" first="Mirleide" last="Cordeiro Dos Santos">Mirleide Cordeiro Dos Santos</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff008"><addr-line>Instituto Evandro Chagas (IEC), Ananindeua, Para, Brazil</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Instituto Evandro Chagas (IEC), Ananindeua, Para</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Para</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Fasce, Rodrigo" sort="Fasce, Rodrigo" uniqKey="Fasce R" first="Rodrigo" last="Fasce">Rodrigo Fasce</name>
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</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Chili</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Instituto de Salud Pública de Chile (ISPCH), Santiago, Santiago</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Santiago</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Fernandez, Jorge" sort="Fernandez, Jorge" uniqKey="Fernandez J" first="Jorge" last="Fernández">Jorge Fernández</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff009"><addr-line>Instituto de Salud Pública de Chile (ISPCH), Santiago, Santiago, Chile</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Chili</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Instituto de Salud Pública de Chile (ISPCH), Santiago, Santiago</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Santiago</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Go I, Natalia" sort="Go I, Natalia" uniqKey="Go I N" first="Natalia" last="Go I">Natalia Go I</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff007"><addr-line>Departamento de Laboratorio de Salud Publica (DLSP), Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Uruguay</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Departamento de Laboratorio de Salud Publica (DLSP), Montevideo, Montevideo</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Montevideo</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Martinez, Irma L Pez" sort="Martinez, Irma L Pez" uniqKey="Martinez I" first="Irma L Pez" last="Martínez">Irma L Pez Martínez</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff004"><addr-line>Instituto de Diagnóstico y Referencia Epidemiológicos (InDRE), Ciudad de México, Mexico, Mexico</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Mexique</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Instituto de Diagnóstico y Referencia Epidemiológicos (InDRE), Ciudad de México, Mexico</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Mexico</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mayhua, Jannet Otarola" sort="Mayhua, Jannet Otarola" uniqKey="Mayhua J" first="Jannet Otárola" last="Mayhua">Jannet Otárola Mayhua</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff010"><addr-line>Instituto Nacional de Salud (INS), Chorrillos, Lima, Peru</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pérou</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Instituto Nacional de Salud (INS), Chorrillos, Lima</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Lima</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Motta, Fernando" sort="Motta, Fernando" uniqKey="Motta F" first="Fernando" last="Motta">Fernando Motta</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff002"><addr-line>Laboratorio de Virus Respiratorio, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Laboratorio de Virus Respiratorio, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Rio de Janeiro</settlement>
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</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Nu Ez, Maribel Carmen Huaringa" sort="Nu Ez, Maribel Carmen Huaringa" uniqKey="Nu Ez M" first="Maribel Carmen Huaringa" last="Nu Ez">Maribel Carmen Huaringa Nu Ez</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff010"><addr-line>Instituto Nacional de Salud (INS), Chorrillos, Lima, Peru</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pérou</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Instituto Nacional de Salud (INS), Chorrillos, Lima</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Lima</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ojeda, Jenny" sort="Ojeda, Jenny" uniqKey="Ojeda J" first="Jenny" last="Ojeda">Jenny Ojeda</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff011"><addr-line>Ministerio de Salud Pública, Quito, Pichincha, Ecuador</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Équateur</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Ministerio de Salud Pública, Quito, Pichincha</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Pichincha</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ortega, Maria Jose" sort="Ortega, Maria Jose" uniqKey="Ortega M" first="María José" last="Ortega">María José Ortega</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff012"><addr-line>Laboratorio Central de Salud Pública (LCSP), Ascuncion, Distrito Capital, Paraguay</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Paraguay</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Laboratorio Central de Salud Pública (LCSP), Ascuncion, Distrito Capital</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Distrito Capital</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ospitia, Erika" sort="Ospitia, Erika" uniqKey="Ospitia E" first="Erika" last="Ospitia">Erika Ospitia</name>
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</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Colombie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Instituto Nacional de Salud (INS), Bogota, Cundinamarca</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Cundinamarca</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="De Paiva, Terezinha Maria" sort="De Paiva, Terezinha Maria" uniqKey="De Paiva T" first="Terezinha Maria" last="De Paiva">Terezinha Maria De Paiva</name>
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</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Instituto Adolfo Lutz (IAL), Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">São Paulo</settlement>
<region type="state">État de São Paulo</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Pontoriero, Andrea" sort="Pontoriero, Andrea" uniqKey="Pontoriero A" first="Andrea" last="Pontoriero">Andrea Pontoriero</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff005"><addr-line>Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas—Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud (INEI-ANLIS) "Dr. Carlos G. Malbran", Buenos Aires, Argentina</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Argentine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas—Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud (INEI-ANLIS) "Dr. Carlos G. Malbran", Buenos Aires</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Buenos Aires</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Porras, Hebleen Brenes" sort="Porras, Hebleen Brenes" uniqKey="Porras H" first="Hebleen Brenes" last="Porras">Hebleen Brenes Porras</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff003"><addr-line>Instituto Costarricense de Investigación y Enseñanza en Nutrición y Salud (INCIENSA), Tres Ríos, Cartago, Costa Rica</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Costa Rica</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Instituto Costarricense de Investigación y Enseñanza en Nutrición y Salud (INCIENSA), Tres Ríos, Cartago</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Cartago</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Quinonez, Jose Alberto Diaz" sort="Quinonez, Jose Alberto Diaz" uniqKey="Quinonez J" first="Jose Alberto Diaz" last="Quinonez">Jose Alberto Diaz Quinonez</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff004"><addr-line>Instituto de Diagnóstico y Referencia Epidemiológicos (InDRE), Ciudad de México, Mexico, Mexico</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Mexique</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Instituto de Diagnóstico y Referencia Epidemiológicos (InDRE), Ciudad de México, Mexico</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Mexico</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff015"><addr-line> Division of Postgraduate Studies, Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Mexique</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Division of Postgraduate Studies, Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Mexico City</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ramas, Viviana" sort="Ramas, Viviana" uniqKey="Ramas V" first="Viviana" last="Ramas">Viviana Ramas</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff007"><addr-line>Departamento de Laboratorio de Salud Publica (DLSP), Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Uruguay</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Departamento de Laboratorio de Salud Publica (DLSP), Montevideo, Montevideo</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Montevideo</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ramirez, Juliana Barbosa" sort="Ramirez, Juliana Barbosa" uniqKey="Ramirez J" first="Juliana Barbosa" last="Ramírez">Juliana Barbosa Ramírez</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff013"><addr-line>Instituto Nacional de Salud (INS), Bogota, Cundinamarca, Colombia</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Colombie</country>
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<wicri:noRegion>Cundinamarca</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Santos, Katia Correa De Oliveira" sort="Santos, Katia Correa De Oliveira" uniqKey="Santos K" first="Katia Correa De Oliveira" last="Santos">Katia Correa De Oliveira Santos</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff014"><addr-line>Instituto Adolfo Lutz (IAL), Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Instituto Adolfo Lutz (IAL), Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">São Paulo</settlement>
<region type="state">État de São Paulo</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Siqueira, Marilda Mendonca" sort="Siqueira, Marilda Mendonca" uniqKey="Siqueira M" first="Marilda Mendonça" last="Siqueira">Marilda Mendonça Siqueira</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff002"><addr-line>Laboratorio de Virus Respiratorio, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Laboratorio de Virus Respiratorio, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Rio de Janeiro</settlement>
<region type="state">État de Rio de Janeiro</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Vazquez, Cynthia" sort="Vazquez, Cynthia" uniqKey="Vazquez C" first="Cynthia" last="Vàzquez">Cynthia Vàzquez</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff012"><addr-line>Laboratorio Central de Salud Pública (LCSP), Ascuncion, Distrito Capital, Paraguay</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Paraguay</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Laboratorio Central de Salud Pública (LCSP), Ascuncion, Distrito Capital</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Distrito Capital</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Palekar, Rakhee" sort="Palekar, Rakhee" uniqKey="Palekar R" first="Rakhee" last="Palekar">Rakhee Palekar</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Pan American Health Organization (PAHO/WHO), Washington, DC, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
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<placeName><region type="state">District de Columbia</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<series><title level="j">PLoS ONE</title>
<idno type="eISSN">1932-6203</idno>
<imprint><date when="2020">2020</date>
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<term>Evolution, Molecular</term>
<term>Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus (genetics)</term>
<term>Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus (immunology)</term>
<term>Humans</term>
<term>Influenza Vaccines (administration & dosage)</term>
<term>Influenza Vaccines (immunology)</term>
<term>Influenza, Human (epidemiology)</term>
<term>Influenza, Human (microbiology)</term>
<term>Influenza, Human (prevention & control)</term>
<term>Latin America (epidemiology)</term>
<term>Orthomyxoviridae (genetics)</term>
<term>Orthomyxoviridae (immunology)</term>
<term>Orthomyxoviridae (isolation & purification)</term>
<term>Pandemics (prevention & control)</term>
<term>Phylogeny</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Amérique latine (épidémiologie)</term>
<term>Données de la recherche comme sujet</term>
<term>Glycoprotéine hémagglutinine du virus influenza (génétique)</term>
<term>Glycoprotéine hémagglutinine du virus influenza (immunologie)</term>
<term>Grippe humaine ()</term>
<term>Grippe humaine (microbiologie)</term>
<term>Grippe humaine (épidémiologie)</term>
<term>Humains</term>
<term>Orthomyxoviridae (génétique)</term>
<term>Orthomyxoviridae (immunologie)</term>
<term>Orthomyxoviridae (isolement et purification)</term>
<term>Pandémies ()</term>
<term>Phylogénie</term>
<term>Vaccins antigrippaux (administration et posologie)</term>
<term>Vaccins antigrippaux (immunologie)</term>
<term>Évolution moléculaire</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="administration & dosage" xml:lang="en"><term>Influenza Vaccines</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="genetics" xml:lang="en"><term>Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="immunology" xml:lang="en"><term>Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus</term>
<term>Influenza Vaccines</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" type="geographic" qualifier="epidemiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Latin America</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="administration et posologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Vaccins antigrippaux</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="epidemiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Influenza, Human</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="genetics" xml:lang="en"><term>Orthomyxoviridae</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="génétique" xml:lang="fr"><term>Glycoprotéine hémagglutinine du virus influenza</term>
<term>Orthomyxoviridae</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="immunologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Glycoprotéine hémagglutinine du virus influenza</term>
<term>Orthomyxoviridae</term>
<term>Vaccins antigrippaux</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="immunology" xml:lang="en"><term>Orthomyxoviridae</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="isolation & purification" xml:lang="en"><term>Orthomyxoviridae</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="isolement et purification" xml:lang="fr"><term>Orthomyxoviridae</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="microbiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Grippe humaine</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="microbiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Influenza, Human</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="prevention & control" xml:lang="en"><term>Influenza, Human</term>
<term>Pandemics</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="épidémiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Amérique latine</term>
<term>Grippe humaine</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Datasets as Topic</term>
<term>Evolution, Molecular</term>
<term>Humans</term>
<term>Phylogeny</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Données de la recherche comme sujet</term>
<term>Grippe humaine</term>
<term>Humains</term>
<term>Pandémies</term>
<term>Phylogénie</term>
<term>Évolution moléculaire</term>
</keywords>
</textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec id="sec001"><title>Objective</title>
<p>Since the 2009 influenza pandemic, Latin American (LA) countries have strengthened their influenza surveillance systems. We analyzed influenza genetic sequence data from the 2017 through 2018 Southern Hemisphere (SH) influenza season from selected LA countries, to map the availability of influenza genetic sequence data from, and to describe, the 2017 through 2018 SH influenza seasons in LA.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="sec002"><title>Methods</title>
<p>We analyzed influenza A/H1pdm09, A/H3, B/Victoria and B/Yamagata hemagglutinin sequences from clinical samples from 12 National Influenza Centers (NICs) in ten countries (Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay) with a collection date from epidemiologic week (EW) 18, 2017 through EW 43, 2018. These sequences were generated by the NIC or the WHO Collaborating Center (CC) at the U.S Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, uploaded to the Global Initiative on Sharing All Influenza Data (GISAID) platform, and used for phylogenetic reconstruction.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="sec003"><title>Findings</title>
<p>Influenza hemagglutinin sequences from the participating countries (A/H1pdm09 n = 326, A/H3 n = 636, B n = 433) were highly concordant with the genetic groups of the influenza vaccine-recommended viruses for influenza A/H1pdm09 and influenza B. For influenza A/H3, the concordance was variable.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="sec004"><title>Conclusions</title>
<p>Considering the constant evolution of influenza viruses, high-quality surveillance data—specifically genetic sequence data, are important to allow public health decision makers to make informed decisions about prevention and control strategies, such as influenza vaccine composition. Countries that conduct influenza genetic sequencing for surveillance in LA should continue to work with the WHO CCs to produce high-quality genetic sequence data and upload those sequences to open-access databases.</p>
</sec>
</div>
</front>
<back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Durand, L" uniqKey="Durand L">L Durand</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Cheng, P" uniqKey="Cheng P">P Cheng</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Palekar, R" uniqKey="Palekar R">R Palekar</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Clara, W" uniqKey="Clara W">W Clara</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jara, J" uniqKey="Jara J">J Jara</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Cerpa, M" uniqKey="Cerpa M">M Cerpa</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Sosa, P" uniqKey="Sosa P">P Sosa</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Couto, P" uniqKey="Couto P">P Couto</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Rodriguez, A" uniqKey="Rodriguez A">A Rodriguez</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Charles, M" uniqKey="Charles M">M Charles</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Leite, J" uniqKey="Leite J">J Leite</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Palekar, R" uniqKey="Palekar R">R Palekar</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Hall, T" uniqKey="Hall T">T. Hall</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kim, Yk" uniqKey="Kim Y">YK Kim</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Song, Jy" uniqKey="Song J">JY Song</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jang, H" uniqKey="Jang H">H Jang</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kim, Th" uniqKey="Kim T">TH Kim</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Koo, H" uniqKey="Koo H">H Koo</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Varghese, L" uniqKey="Varghese L">L Varghese</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="El Omeiri, N" uniqKey="El Omeiri N">N El Omeiri</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Azziz Baumgartner, E" uniqKey="Azziz Baumgartner E">E Azziz-Baumgartner</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Thompson, Mg" uniqKey="Thompson M">MG Thompson</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Clara, W" uniqKey="Clara W">W Clará</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Cerpa, M" uniqKey="Cerpa M">M Cerpa</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Skowronski, Dm" uniqKey="Skowronski D">DM Skowronski</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Janjua, Nz" uniqKey="Janjua N">NZ Janjua</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sabaiduc, S" uniqKey="Sabaiduc S">S Sabaiduc</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="De Serres, G" uniqKey="De Serres G">G De Serres</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Winter, Al" uniqKey="Winter A">AL Winter</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gubbay, Jb" uniqKey="Gubbay J">JB Gubbay</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Fielding, Je" uniqKey="Fielding J">JE Fielding</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Levy, A" uniqKey="Levy A">A Levy</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chilver, Mb" uniqKey="Chilver M">MB Chilver</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Deng, Ym" uniqKey="Deng Y">YM Deng</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Regan, Ak" uniqKey="Regan A">AK Regan</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Grant, Ka" uniqKey="Grant K">KA Grant</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Bedford, T" uniqKey="Bedford T">T Bedford</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Riley, S" uniqKey="Riley S">S Riley</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Barr, Ig" uniqKey="Barr I">IG Barr</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Broor, S" uniqKey="Broor S">S Broor</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chadha, M" uniqKey="Chadha M">M Chadha</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Cox, Nj" uniqKey="Cox N">NJ Cox</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Russell, Ca" uniqKey="Russell C">CA Russell</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Langat, P" uniqKey="Langat P">P Langat</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Raghwani, J" uniqKey="Raghwani J">J Raghwani</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Dudas, G" uniqKey="Dudas G">G Dudas</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bowden, Ta" uniqKey="Bowden T">TA Bowden</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Edwards, S" uniqKey="Edwards S">S Edwards</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gall, A" uniqKey="Gall A">A Gall</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Watson, Sj" uniqKey="Watson S">SJ Watson</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Petrova, Vn" uniqKey="Petrova V">VN Petrova</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Russell, Ca" uniqKey="Russell C">CA Russell</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
</listBibl>
</div1>
</back>
</TEI>
<affiliations><list><country><li>Argentine</li>
<li>Brésil</li>
<li>Chili</li>
<li>Colombie</li>
<li>Costa Rica</li>
<li>Mexique</li>
<li>Paraguay</li>
<li>Pérou</li>
<li>Uruguay</li>
<li>Équateur</li>
<li>États-Unis</li>
</country>
<region><li>District de Columbia</li>
<li>État de Rio de Janeiro</li>
<li>État de São Paulo</li>
</region>
<settlement><li>Rio de Janeiro</li>
<li>São Paulo</li>
</settlement>
</list>
<tree><country name="États-Unis"><region name="District de Columbia"><name sortKey="Leite, Juliana Almeida" sort="Leite, Juliana Almeida" uniqKey="Leite J" first="Juliana Almeida" last="Leite">Juliana Almeida Leite</name>
</region>
<name sortKey="Palekar, Rakhee" sort="Palekar, Rakhee" uniqKey="Palekar R" first="Rakhee" last="Palekar">Rakhee Palekar</name>
</country>
<country name="Brésil"><region name="État de Rio de Janeiro"><name sortKey="Resende, Paola" sort="Resende, Paola" uniqKey="Resende P" first="Paola" last="Resende">Paola Resende</name>
</region>
<name sortKey="Cordeiro Dos Santos, Mirleide" sort="Cordeiro Dos Santos, Mirleide" uniqKey="Cordeiro Dos Santos M" first="Mirleide" last="Cordeiro Dos Santos">Mirleide Cordeiro Dos Santos</name>
<name sortKey="De Mello, Wyller Alencar" sort="De Mello, Wyller Alencar" uniqKey="De Mello W" first="Wyller Alencar" last="De Mello">Wyller Alencar De Mello</name>
<name sortKey="De Paiva, Terezinha Maria" sort="De Paiva, Terezinha Maria" uniqKey="De Paiva T" first="Terezinha Maria" last="De Paiva">Terezinha Maria De Paiva</name>
<name sortKey="Motta, Fernando" sort="Motta, Fernando" uniqKey="Motta F" first="Fernando" last="Motta">Fernando Motta</name>
<name sortKey="Santos, Katia Correa De Oliveira" sort="Santos, Katia Correa De Oliveira" uniqKey="Santos K" first="Katia Correa De Oliveira" last="Santos">Katia Correa De Oliveira Santos</name>
<name sortKey="Siqueira, Marilda Mendonca" sort="Siqueira, Marilda Mendonca" uniqKey="Siqueira M" first="Marilda Mendonça" last="Siqueira">Marilda Mendonça Siqueira</name>
</country>
<country name="Costa Rica"><noRegion><name sortKey="Araya, Jenny Lara" sort="Araya, Jenny Lara" uniqKey="Araya J" first="Jenny Lara" last="Araya">Jenny Lara Araya</name>
</noRegion>
<name sortKey="Porras, Hebleen Brenes" sort="Porras, Hebleen Brenes" uniqKey="Porras H" first="Hebleen Brenes" last="Porras">Hebleen Brenes Porras</name>
</country>
<country name="Mexique"><noRegion><name sortKey="Barrera, Gisela Badillo" sort="Barrera, Gisela Badillo" uniqKey="Barrera G" first="Gisela Badillo" last="Barrera">Gisela Badillo Barrera</name>
</noRegion>
<name sortKey="Martinez, Irma L Pez" sort="Martinez, Irma L Pez" uniqKey="Martinez I" first="Irma L Pez" last="Martínez">Irma L Pez Martínez</name>
<name sortKey="Quinonez, Jose Alberto Diaz" sort="Quinonez, Jose Alberto Diaz" uniqKey="Quinonez J" first="Jose Alberto Diaz" last="Quinonez">Jose Alberto Diaz Quinonez</name>
<name sortKey="Quinonez, Jose Alberto Diaz" sort="Quinonez, Jose Alberto Diaz" uniqKey="Quinonez J" first="Jose Alberto Diaz" last="Quinonez">Jose Alberto Diaz Quinonez</name>
</country>
<country name="Argentine"><noRegion><name sortKey="Baumeister, Elsa" sort="Baumeister, Elsa" uniqKey="Baumeister E" first="Elsa" last="Baumeister">Elsa Baumeister</name>
</noRegion>
<name sortKey="Pontoriero, Andrea" sort="Pontoriero, Andrea" uniqKey="Pontoriero A" first="Andrea" last="Pontoriero">Andrea Pontoriero</name>
</country>
<country name="Équateur"><noRegion><name sortKey="Caicedo, Alfredo Bruno" sort="Caicedo, Alfredo Bruno" uniqKey="Caicedo A" first="Alfredo Bruno" last="Caicedo">Alfredo Bruno Caicedo</name>
</noRegion>
<name sortKey="De Mora, Domenica" sort="De Mora, Domenica" uniqKey="De Mora D" first="Domenica" last="De Mora">Domenica De Mora</name>
<name sortKey="Ojeda, Jenny" sort="Ojeda, Jenny" uniqKey="Ojeda J" first="Jenny" last="Ojeda">Jenny Ojeda</name>
</country>
<country name="Uruguay"><noRegion><name sortKey="Coppola, Leticia" sort="Coppola, Leticia" uniqKey="Coppola L" first="Leticia" last="Coppola">Leticia Coppola</name>
</noRegion>
<name sortKey="Go I, Natalia" sort="Go I, Natalia" uniqKey="Go I N" first="Natalia" last="Go I">Natalia Go I</name>
<name sortKey="Ramas, Viviana" sort="Ramas, Viviana" uniqKey="Ramas V" first="Viviana" last="Ramas">Viviana Ramas</name>
</country>
<country name="Chili"><noRegion><name sortKey="Fasce, Rodrigo" sort="Fasce, Rodrigo" uniqKey="Fasce R" first="Rodrigo" last="Fasce">Rodrigo Fasce</name>
</noRegion>
<name sortKey="Fernandez, Jorge" sort="Fernandez, Jorge" uniqKey="Fernandez J" first="Jorge" last="Fernández">Jorge Fernández</name>
</country>
<country name="Pérou"><noRegion><name sortKey="Mayhua, Jannet Otarola" sort="Mayhua, Jannet Otarola" uniqKey="Mayhua J" first="Jannet Otárola" last="Mayhua">Jannet Otárola Mayhua</name>
</noRegion>
<name sortKey="Nu Ez, Maribel Carmen Huaringa" sort="Nu Ez, Maribel Carmen Huaringa" uniqKey="Nu Ez M" first="Maribel Carmen Huaringa" last="Nu Ez">Maribel Carmen Huaringa Nu Ez</name>
</country>
<country name="Paraguay"><noRegion><name sortKey="Ortega, Maria Jose" sort="Ortega, Maria Jose" uniqKey="Ortega M" first="María José" last="Ortega">María José Ortega</name>
</noRegion>
<name sortKey="Vazquez, Cynthia" sort="Vazquez, Cynthia" uniqKey="Vazquez C" first="Cynthia" last="Vàzquez">Cynthia Vàzquez</name>
</country>
<country name="Colombie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Ospitia, Erika" sort="Ospitia, Erika" uniqKey="Ospitia E" first="Erika" last="Ospitia">Erika Ospitia</name>
</noRegion>
<name sortKey="Ramirez, Juliana Barbosa" sort="Ramirez, Juliana Barbosa" uniqKey="Ramirez J" first="Juliana Barbosa" last="Ramírez">Juliana Barbosa Ramírez</name>
</country>
</tree>
</affiliations>
</record>

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Genetic evolution of influenza viruses among selected countries in Latin America, 2017–2018

Genetic evolution of influenza viruses among selected countries in Latin America, 2017–2018

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